| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Invalid pointer in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the Layout: Scrolling and Overflow component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebRender component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the Layout: Text and Fonts component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the CSS Transitions and Animations component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Trudesk through 1.2.11 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in debug routes enabled whenever NODE_ENV is unset, letting unauthenticated attackers invoke them remotely. Attackers can call /debug/populatedb to delete all groups, tags and tickets, then log in with seeded accounts using the password 'password'. |
| pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.21.1, an attacker can craft a PDF containing image data labeled with the /DCTDecode filter that causes Pillow to select and invoke an unintended image parser when the image is loaded. Environments without the optional Pillow dependency are not affected. This issue is fixed in version 6.21.1. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the JavaScript Engine component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the DOM: Core & HTML component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Invalid pointer in the JavaScript: GC component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159 and Thunderbird 159. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: Text component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the Security: PSM component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Incorrect boundary conditions in the SVG component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 115.44, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
| Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a heap buffer overflow through an out-of-bounds write in the `Codec2` decoder caused by a `floor/ceil sample-count mismatch`. The `codec_codec2` module must be loaded and `Codec2` must be configured on the attacked endpoint. The attacker must pass SIP authentication by username/password or `source IP address matching`, establish a call using `Codec2`, and send carefully crafted `Codec2` audio packets. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3. |
| Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an unbounded `sscanf` in `res_pjsip_pubsub` when parsing the `MWI NOTIFY` `Message-Account` field may allow an unauthenticated attacker to send a carefully crafted packet that causes a stack buffer overflow and corrupts the underlying transport, permanently disabling all SIP functionality. An Asterisk restart is required to restore full operation. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3. |
| ### Summary
`qs.stringify` with `allowEmptyArrays: true` writes the key of an empty array without encoding it, even though keys are encoded by default. A key that contains `&` (or the configured `delimiter`), `=`, or `#` therefore becomes query string syntax instead of data, so a caller-supplied key name can add parameters to the serialized query string, or cut it short.
### Details
In `lib/stringify.js`, the `allowEmptyArrays` branch returns `adjustedPrefix + '[]'` early, before the code that passes every other key through `encoder` and `formatter`. So `{ "x&k=v": ["1"] }` serializes as `x%26k%3Dv%5B0%5D=1`, but `{ "x&k=v": [] }` serializes as `x&k=v[]`. The early return applies at any depth (`{ "a": { "b&k=v": [] } }` gives `a[b&k=v][]`), under every `arrayFormat`, with `allowDots`, and with a custom `encoder`, which is never called for that key. With `encode: false` or `encodeValuesOnly: true`, keys are intentionally left unencoded on every path; those configurations are not affected.
#### PoC
```js
var qs = require("qs");
var query = qs.stringify({ q: "hi", "x&apiKey=evil&y": [] }, { allowEmptyArrays: true });
// "q=hi&x&apiKey=evil&y[]"
qs.parse(query);
// { q: "hi", x: "", apiKey: "evil", y: [""] }
qs.stringify({ "x#": [], z: "1" }, { allowEmptyArrays: true });
// "x#[]&z=1": in a URL, everything after "#" becomes the fragment
```
#### Fix
Applied in 234d505 on `main` and released as v6.17.0, and backported to v6.16.2, v6.15.4, v6.14.3, v6.13.4, and v6.12.6: the key of an empty array goes through `encoder` and `formatter` exactly as the key of any other value does, so `{ "x&apiKey=evil&y": [] }` now serializes as `x%26apiKey%3Devil%26y[]`. Keys that need no encoding serialize as before, with two exceptions that match every other path: the brackets of a nested key are now encoded (`a[b][]` becomes `a%5Bb%5D[]`, which `qs.parse` reads identically), and with `encodeDotInKeys`, a dot in the key becomes `%252E` instead of `%2E` (which `decodeDotInKeys` previously misread as nesting).
### Affected versions
- `>=6.12.0 <6.12.6`, fixed in v6.12.6
- `>=6.13.0 <6.13.4`, fixed in v6.13.4
- `>=6.14.0 <6.14.3`, fixed in v6.14.3
- `>=6.15.0 <6.15.4`, fixed in v6.15.4
- `>=6.16.0 <6.16.2`, fixed in v6.16.2
v6.17.0 and later are not affected.
`allowEmptyArrays` was introduced in f22b2bc and first shipped in v6.12.0, with this early return. Earlier versions have no `allowEmptyArrays` option and are not affected.
### Impact
An application that passes an object whose key names come from untrusted input to `qs.stringify` with `allowEmptyArrays: true` (for example, to forward a parsed JSON body or user-selected fields to an upstream service) can have parameters injected into the resulting query string. The injected parameters are not keys of the object, so deleting or overwriting a key on the object (such as setting a trusted `apiKey` after copying the user's fields) does not remove them; whether the attacker's value or the application's wins depends on how the receiving side handles a duplicate parameter. A `#` in such a key ends the query string early when the result is placed in a URL. `allowEmptyArrays` is off by default, and only keys whose value (after any `filter`) is an empty array are affected. |
| FreeRDP before 3.32.1 contains a heap-based out-of-bounds read in WinPR's clipboard PNG-to-CF_DIB synthesis because winpr_read_png_from_buffer() allocates a bit-packed buffer for PNGs with bit depth below 8, while winpr_bitmap_write_buffer() copies rows assuming one byte per pixel. A malicious RDP server can send a crafted low-bit-depth PNG clipboard payload that, when pasted by the victim, discloses megabytes of heap memory. |
| virtualenv is a tool for creating isolated virtual python environments. Prior to 21.13.0, the bash activate script that zsh also sources leaves the environment name unescaped; from 21.13.0 until 21.14.4, it escapes backslashes, dollar signs, and backticks only when BASH_VERSION is set, so zsh receives the raw value. The script assigns that value to PS1. In zsh with PROMPT_SUBST, an attacker-influenced environment directory, --prompt, or VIRTUALENV_PROMPT value containing command, parameter, or arithmetic expansion syntax can therefore execute commands in the user's shell each time the prompt is drawn. A percent sign is separately interpreted as a zsh prompt escape but does not by itself execute commands. Plain zsh with PROMPT_SUBST disabled and bash are not affected by this mechanism. This issue is fixed in version 21.14.4. |
| JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 159, Firefox ESR 153.6, Thunderbird 159, and Thunderbird 153.6. |
